Media

“AI presents unique copyright concerns for businesses, primarily because it can produce content that closely resembles or ‘copies’ human-generated content, such as articles, publications, images, and music,” said Star Kashman, a cybersecurity and privacy lawyer, in an interview with PYMNTS.

The lack of clear guidelines on the use of copyrighted material in AI training has complicated the legal landscape, creating challenges for companies and creators alike.

Meanwhile, experts like Star Kashman, a technology attorney, raise alarms about the possibility of AI bots prioritizing engagement over user well-being, potentially amplifying harmful content inadvertently.

The public reaction to Meta's AI integration plan has been largely negative, with users describing it as dystopian and a dilution of genuine human connections that they cherish on social networks.

Star Kashman, a technology attorney, adds to the cautionary perspectives by highlighting the risk of AI systems promoting extreme content to drive engagement. According to Kashman, there is a stark difference between engagement-driven AI mechanisms and human users who interact based on emotional intelligence and personal experience. The juxtaposition of these insights reflects a broader debate within the tech community about the readiness of AI to seamlessly integrate into social environments traditionally dominated by human presence.

Lack of comprehensive federal data privacy laws enhances vulnerabilities across all social media platforms, according to Star Kashman, tech lawyer. “Banning TikTok does not address the root issues of national security or data privacy,” Kashman asserts. “We need laws akin to the EU’s GDPR framework.”

The lawsuit is one of several legal cases involving the use of AI and copyrighted materials, leading experts to argue that the issue underscores the need for clearer guidelines and protections in the AI field.

“AI presents unique copyright concerns for businesses, primarily because it can produce content that closely resembles or ‘copies’ human-generated content, such as articles, publications, images and music,” Star Kashman, a cybersecurity and privacy lawyer, said in an interview with PYMNTS.

Media industry insiders, meanwhile, are watching the case closely for clues about the future of content protection in the age of AI.

“The use of AI-generated creations raises complex questions about ownership and copyright, as these creations often use datasets that include copyrighted works of art and may infringe upon these copyrights,” says Star Kashman, a cybersecurity and privacy lawyer.

“AI presents unique copyright concerns for businesses, primarily because it can produce content that closely resembles or ‘copies’ human-generated content, such as articles, publications, images and music,” Star Kashman, a cybersecurity and privacy lawyer, said in an interview with PYMNTS.

Star Kashman, Esq. Founding Partner of Cyber Law Firm shared, “An overlooked issue is the lack of assistance we currently have in determining whether or not a video, photo, or audio source is authentic or whether it is a digitally altered deepfake. The issue is not for a lack of resources- as there are many up and coming applications created for this very purpose. The issue is accuracy. Even technological tools are not yet equipt to determine what is and is not a deepfake. There are notable instances of AI detection software being incorrect and leading to negative outcomes. The technology just is not there yet and it is not reliable. The human eye and mind is not reliable yet in detemining what is a deepfake yet either.”

Buckle up for a journey through the intersection of writing, technology, and law with cybersecurity expert Star Kashman. In this episode we plunge into the digital minefield that modern writers must navigate, exploring everything from copyright conundrums to the AI authorship revolution. It’s going to get bumpy!

Star Kashman, a legal maverick in the world of cybersecurity, shares her unconventional path into this cutting-edge field, highlights the pressing need for tech-savvy lawmakers, and explains the complex network of copyright issues in the age of artificial intelligence.

Financial compensation may not fully address the ethical concerns of having a creator’s work used for A.I. training without explicit permission, according to Star Kashman, a tech lawyer and partner at Cyber Law Firm with expertise in digital copyright law. She cites actress Scarlett Johansson as an example, who allegedly refused to give OpenAI permission to use her voice for ChatGPT despite financial offers.

“Many authors and creators have personal, moral objections to their work being utilized for A.I. training, regardless of compensation,” Kashman told Observer. “Without explicit permission, paying creators may be a temporary ‘Band-Aid’ solution, but it may not be an all-encompassing resolution to deeper concerns about consent and the impact on creative works.”

Cyber Law Firm officially launched in June under the helm of Star Kashman, a 2023 graduate of Brooklyn Law School.

The team's dedication goes beyond the courtroom, focusing on creating a safer digital environment through strategic legal action and advocacy. They are committed to filling the gap where victims often feel discouraged by the complex nature of tech crimes, ensuring that their clients receive the focused and informed representation they need.

From Star Kashman, Founding Partner:

"We are not only a law firm; we are a vital ally in the digital age. As a female-owned and tech-savvy establishment, we are uniquely positioned to empower victims to reclaim control and seek justice. Our commitment to understanding and navigating the intricacies of technology sets us apart, making us a formidable force against tech-facilitated crimes and abuse." Says Star Kashman.

Companies that use biased synthetic data to train A.I. may be held liable if their models generate outputs that a plaintiff perceives as discriminatory, unethical or inaccurate, according to Star Kashman, an attorney specializing in litigation in the tech sector.

A Google representative who wished to remain anonymous disputed that the company’s algorithms prioritise AI-generated news. “Claiming that our ranking systems were “boosting” the content is misleading,” said the representative. “Our ranking systems were, by default, not showing this content high up in results.”

“Some hackers asked individuals in their living rooms what they were watching on TV through Ring doorbells,” said Star Kashman at C.A. Goldberg PLLC, a Brooklyn, NY-based law firm, who is an award-winning cybersecurity and privacy law expert.

Star Kashman, a cybersecurity and privacy law expert and presenter at the American Bar Association's Legal Tech Women's Summit, told CMSWire that for brands looking to stand out in today's dynamic marketplace, an AI strategy Customer-centricity is more than advancement; it is a necessity.

Star Kashman, a cybersecurity and privateness legislation knowledgeable and legal professional, famous that AI can analyze huge datasets with outstanding accuracy. “Viewers can be uncovered to content material that aligns extra intently with their pursuits and behaviors, rising consumer engagement and conversion charges,” she mentioned.

However, Kashman pointed out that there are potential drawbacks to this new technology. He said AI could make online shopping and social media “more addictive and dangerous.” Kashman said AI is key to generating customized content, improving search engine performance and personalizing online shopping recommendations. “In order to compete, companies must keep abreast of these advances,” Kashman said.

Experts, however, are concerned about risky future prospects. "The advent of these low-earth satellites exposes the new era of surveillance potential that raises profound privacy concerns," Star Kashman, a cybersecurity and legal expert whose work has won recognition by the Office of the Director of National Intelligence, tells SlashGear.

Boothby pointing to the banking sector’s use of “continuous authentication” to ensure that the person on an anonymous internet session is who they claim to be.

For cybersecurity and legal scholar Star Kashman, protecting ourselves from deepfakes goes back to awareness.

“Especially for robocalls and AI-generated phone scams, raising awareness can prevent a lot of damage,” Kashman told Decrypt in an email. “ If your family is informed of a common AI voice phone scam where scammers call pretending they kidnapped a family member, and they use AI to imitate that family member’s voice, then the individual receiving the call may know to check on that relative prior to paying a fake ransom for someone who was never missing.”

AI is key in generating customized content, improving search engine performance, and personalizing online shopping recommendations, Kashman said.
“In order to compete, businesses must stay abreast of these advances,” Kashman said. “A culture of innovation must be fostered through investment in AI technologies, training, regulation and education. In this way, companies can refine their marketing strategies and revolutionize how they interact with their customers. However, they must utilize AI ethically and transparently.”

Star Kashman is an attorney and award winning legal scholar, known for her pioneering contributions to the intersection of technology and law. As an attorney barred in Pennsylvania, Kashman has gained recognition for her groundbreaking work on Search Engine Hacking, also known as Google Dorking, marking her as a leading voice in the field of cybersecurity and privacy law.

Her expertise and dedication to advancing digital safety have earned her prestigious accolades, including an award from the Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI), which oversees critical national security entities like the CIA and NSA, and her recognition as an ICCAE scholar. This recognition underscores her contributions towards fostering a safer digital environment.

According to Star Kashman, a cybersecurity and privacy lawyer, managing copyright concerns in AI requires a proactive approach. This includes implementing copyright management and compliance strategies to ensure that AI technologies are used ethically and legally, providing businesses with the necessary protection.

While Kashman said awareness is still the best way to avoid being scammed by AI deepfakes, she acknowledged that the threat requires government intervention.

“As for deep fakes, knowledge does not prevent individuals from creating these of you,” Kashman said. “However, knowledge can add more pressure to the government which is needed to pass legislature making the creation of illicit non-consensual deep fakes federally illegal.”

The event was inspired by third-year Brooklyn Law School student Star Kashman, who recently published an article in University of Washington’s Journal of Law, Technology & Arts titled “Google Dorking or Legal Hacking: From the CIA Compromise to Your Cameras at Home, We Are Not as Safe as We Think.”

As Kashman notes, “it is essential that our audience understands how search engine hacking can be used legally and illegally. This event will be a valuable learning and networking opportunity for anyone interested in cybersecurity and the law.”

Google Dorking has been used to commit various forms of cybercrime, such as the doxing of Supreme Court justices in 2022 and the hack of the Bowman Avenue Dam. According to Star Kashman, a legal scholar who has explored the legal implications of this technique, while Google Dorking is used for legitimate purposes like conducting research or assessing vulnerabilities, it could also be utilized for malicious purposes as well

Google search queries to attack servers. Google Dorking has been used to commit various forms of cybercrime, such as the doxing of Supreme Court justices in 2022 and the hack of the Bowman Avenue Dam. According to Star Kashman, a legal scholar who has explored the legal implications of this technique, while Google Dorking is used for legitimate purposes like conducting research or assessing vulnerabilities, it could also be utilized for malicious purposes as well

Star Kashman together with the Brooklyn Law Incubator & Policy Clinic (BLIP) and Legal Hackers, held an event called "Go Dork Yourself - the Dangers and Legalities of Search Engine Hacking" on April 19th, 2023. The event explored the risks and legality of Search Engine Hacking, or "Google Dorking," a technique used to obtain passwords, confidential files, and access to webcams.

Star Kashman ’23 examined the legality of an advanced search tactic commonly referred to as “Google Dorking,” and found that cybersecurity law does not explicitly address the technique, which can be used for legitimate purposes such as research, but can also be used to commit criminal acts, including cyberterrorism, industrial espionage, identity theft, and cyberstalking.

Star Kashman, who studies cybersecurity law, told Lifewire via email. "[I]t is dangerous to solely place AI development in the hands of tech-giants with ulterior motives." Big Tech LLMs FTW
AI works like this: Very powerful computers churn through mind-boggling volumes of data and infer relationships in that data.

For cybersecurity and legal scholar Star Kashman, protecting ourselves from deepfakes goes back to awareness. “Especially for robocalls and AI-generated phone scams, raising awareness can prevent a lot of damage,” Kashman told Decrypt in an email. “ If your family is informed of a common AI voice phone scam where scammers call pretending they kidnapped a family member, and they use AI to imitate that family member's voice, then the individual receiving the call may know to check on that relative prior to paying a fake ransom for someone who was never missing.”

Google Dorking has been involved in some notorious cybercrime cases, such as the Bowman Avenue Dam hack and the CIA breach where around 70% of its worldwide networks were compromised. Star Kashman, a legal scholar, has been one of the first to study the legality of this technique. Kashman argues that while Google Dorking is technically legal, it has often been used to carry out cybercrime and frequently leads to violations of the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act. Her research has highlighted the legal and ethical implications of this technique, emphasizing the need for greater attention and regulation to be applied to its use.

The content was focused on the implications of Search Engine Hacking, commonly known as “Google Dorking,” and how it can be used for research, and also criminal activities like cyberterrorism, identity theft, and cyberstalking.

The U.S. still lacks a federal data privacy law similar to the EU’s GDPR framework — an absence that creates vulnerabilities across all social media platforms, says tech lawyer Star Kashman.

“Banning TikTok does not address the root issues of national security or data privacy,” states Kashman.

“AI presents unique copyright concerns for businesses, primarily because it can produce content that closely resembles or ‘copies’ human-generated content, such as articles, publications, images, and music,” Star Kashman, a cybersecurity and privacy lawyer, told PYMNTS.

“The use of AI-generated creations raises complex questions about ownership and copyright, as these creations often use datasets that include copyrighted works of art and may infringe upon these copyrights.”

Technology attorney Star Kashman, a founding partner at Cyber Law Firm, also provided context on the broader implications of this trend. In her words:

“AI users will likely prioritize pushing out content that drives engagement metrics, regardless of its emotional or psychological impact on users. An AI user is not the same as a regular user, who could see something and feel harmed and hurt by that content, ignoring it and pushing it down.”

She adds that if AI users can only see statistics, it will likely “amplify the algorithm’s tendency to promote extreme or harmful content,” which she sees as already a significant problem.

“AI presents unique copyright concerns for businesses, primarily because it can produce content that closely resembles or copies human-generated content, such as articles, publications, images, and music,” said Star Kashman, a cybersecurity and privacy lawyer, in an earlier interview with PYMNTS.


AI models often rely on datasets that include copyrighted works, raising complex questions about ownership and potential infringement.

Cyber Law Firm is led by a team of seasoned and skilled attorneys, including Star Kashman, who has a notable background in technology law, contributing to major cases against prominent tech companies and fighting for clients' rights in instances of cyberharassment, cyberstalking, and other online abuses. Kashman's prowess in the field is complemented by a robust legal team that includes a former Intelligence Officer, together forming a dynamic duo that brings both legal acumen and technological insight to the forefront of cyber law.

“We also work with platforms to send DMCA takedown notices, or advocacy letters to get content removed, and get information behind who may have been posting the content”, said Star Kashman, Esq. Founding Partner of Cyber Law Firm.

Indeed, Star Kashman has been featured on podcasts and in national media outlets discussing technology law, and her passion for it is personal.

“As a woman growing up in the digital age, I was a victim of cyber stalking, cyber harassment, online cyber bullying and hacking,” Kashman said. While her experience was typical, she said, her response was not. She learned how to use Google dorking to “unmask anonymous offenders,” to defend herself and her friends.

After starting at Brooklyn Law, she took classes in cybersecurity and national security and realized her tech savvy could become a legal specialty.

Given the serious questions surrounding AI summaries -- whether on Google, Bing, or Perplexity -- it’s hard to see the value beyond user convenience, and even that is dubious. But other issues loom, too.

“On top of that, when utilizing vast datasets of information, search engines such as Google may prioritize quantity over quality and that may greatly impact individuals access to information. For example, after the Israel Hamas war broke out, search engines slowly began to change what came up when users would attempt to research on antisemitism and the history of Israel. This shows that AI and algorithms prioritize vast sets of information rather than potentially credible, historic, or reputable sources,” says Star Kashman, founding Partner at Cyber Law Firm.

In her cybersecurity law class, Kashman discovered a gap in federal anti-hacking laws, so she spent a few years working and putting together cases that used this advanced search technique.

“Because this information is publicly displayed, albeit unintentionally and unknowingly, there is no clarity in the CFAA [also known as the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act] or even caselaw about whether accessing this sensitive information constitutes unauthorized or exceeded access,”

Consulting with legal counsel, like Cyber Law Firm, ensures that businesses categorize data accurately, potentially referencing widely-used charts categorizing data like those outlined by the California Attorney General. This proactive approach not only enhances data security but also builds a privacy-conscious culture within the organization.

We have to keep our eye on the needs of the market. There is a wide swath of cyber-related issues, such as artificial intelligence, intellectual property and privacy matters, so we'll have to focus on what clients want, but a lot of the cases we pursue will involve litigation, or at least the possibility of litigation. A trend we are seeing is referrals from other attorneys in existing cases involving cyber issues that the attorneys don't know how to handle. We are called in to assist on cases where the attorneys don't have enough tech-related experience.

Synthetic data is emerging as a game-changer in AI development, offering a solution to data scarcity and privacy concerns. This new approach is transforming how AI models are trained and validated.

“Notorious crimes can be attributed to search engine hacking,” Kashman says. “These include sextortion cases, the compromise of the CIA, and instances where legal officials, celebrities, politicians and families have fallen victim.”

Kashman had been interested in Google Dorking for years, using it as self-defense against stalkers and cyberbullies. It was only recently, as a student at Brooklyn Law School, that she learned it’s used much more often to inflict harm. A class research assignment unexpectedly resulted in her publishing the first scholarly legal articles on this topic, and holding the first conference of its kind to discuss the dangers and legality of this method.

Star Kashman, cybersecurity expert and attorney, told Reworked that despite the awareness and discussions around these issues, the discrimination persists, as it manifests through wage gaps, limited career advancement opportunities and, at times, a dismissive and unfair culture toward women's contributions.

"Similar to other industries, not only does a woman have to be exceptional, but she has to overcome subconscious biases and assumptions people may make about her and her work based off of her gender, looks and femininity," said Kashman. “It is all about dismantling the systemic barriers that inhibit diversity and fostering an environment where different perspectives are celebrated. This could lead to tech-industry transformations beyond anyone’s hopes and dreams.“

Your one-stop library resource for scholarly and non-scholarly books and eBooks, databases and journals, web resources, research tips and tools, career information, and more on aeronautical engineering or related topics!

“Personalization and responsiveness can significantly improve customer loyalty and satisfaction,” Kashman said. "By using AI to analyze customer data, brands can predict needs, personalize interactions and optimize customer experiences, thereby meeting and exceeding customer expectations."

“AI offers unique copyright fears for companies, primarily because of the truth it will possibly create content material materials that intently resembles or ‘copies’ human-created info, this sort of as content material, publications, visuals and songs,” Star Kashman, a cybersecurity and privateness lawyer, claimed in an interview with PYMNTS.

Star Kashman, cybersecurity, privacy law expert, and attorney at C.A. Goldberg, explained that “in the event of a TikTok ban in the US, the app itself might not automatically cease functioning on phones and computers, but updates and access to the app's servers could be restricted, impacting its operation and security.”..VPNs are a possible way to circumvent the geographic restrictions as they can “mask the user's location, allowing them to appear as if they are accessing TikTok from a country where it remains available,” said Kashman.
What are the security implications?...
Experts like Kashman believe that individuals downloading free VPNs from third-party sites could be at risk of downloading and possibly distributing malware.

For this piece, we consulted cybersecurity and privacy law expert, Star Kashman. She knows the ins and outs of technology and the features you need to look for when purchasing an outdoor TV...“When considering an outdoor TV, it’s paramount to ensure it’s built for outdoor conditions, and classified as “weatherproof” and “waterproof”, says Kashman.

Jimi Flynn and Kevin Roberts spoke alongside Star Kashman, a third-year Brooklyn Law School student who recently published an article on the subject titled “Google Dorking or Legal Hacking: From the CIA Compromise to Your Cameras at Home, We Are Not as Safe as We Think.”
The highlight of the event was the ethical hacker demonstration, which showed how easy it is to obtain passwords, confidential files, and access to webcams. Attendees were shocked to learn how this simple technique has been used to peer into children’s bedrooms and speak to them, compromise the CIA, hack into civil infrastructure, and commit crimes such as sextortion, doxing, homicide, and more.

Privacy Versus Relevance
The enhanced AI recommendation technologies might provide users with content that better matches their preferences. Star Kashman, a cybersecurity and privacy law expert and attorney, noted that AI can analyze vast datasets with remarkable accuracy.
“Viewers would be exposed to content that aligns more closely with their interests and behaviors, increasing user engagement and conversion rates,” she said.

Star Kashman practices in the fields of cyberbullying law, computer & technology law, intellectual property & technology, computer data recovery, personal injury law , providing legal services to individuals alleging to have sustained physical or psychological injury in New York, as a result of the negligence of another person, corporation, government entity, or other body. The staff of this law firm can be reached at this telephone number: N/A or you may visit them directly at the address given below. For the most current and accurate information, it is recommended to visit the official website of the aforementioned legal firm. If you're uncertain about how Star Kashman can support your needs in personal injury law and cyberbullying law, we invite you to leverage our complimentary legal consultation

“AI presents unique copyright concerns for businesses, primarily because it can produce content that closely resembles or ‘copies’ human-generated content, such as articles, publications, images and music,” Star Kashman, a cybersecurity and privacy lawyer, said in an interview with PYMNTS.

“The use of AI-generated creations raises complex questions about ownership and copyright, as these creations often use datasets that include copyrighted works of art and may infringe upon these copyrights.”

Kashman added that it’s crucial that businesses remain up to date on the latest AI and copyright laws, while also creating specific rules for using AI-generated content.

Star Kashman, a cybersecurity and privacy law expert — whose work was recognized by the Office of the Director of National Intelligence (the governing body that oversees the CIA and NSA) — fights for victims of cybercrime such as cyberstalking, doxing, deepfakes, child sexual exploitation online, and cyber-harassment.

Speaking from her own experience, she warned that image-based sexual abuse is one of the many ways that deepfake attacks are becoming more and more common. It is vital to protect against this growing threat.

“The rapid evolution of AI-driven deepfakes poses a significant threat to both individual privacy and cybersecurity,” Kashman said. “Deepfake-related attacks are becoming more common as technology advances and AI becomes more common, and these attacks could expand in scope and sophistication in the near future.”

As Kashman stresses, “the legality of search engine hacking commonly known as ‘Google Dorking’ has become a subject of increasing importance because current cybersecurity legislation does not explicitly address it. Although this advanced search technique can be used in legitimate ways, malicious hackers have also used it for criminal acts, such as cyberterrorism, industrial espionage, identity theft, and cyberstalking.”

An intro to search engine hacking by Star Kashman, its legal status, a hands-on “dorking” activity with OWLsec founders Jimi Flynn and Kevin Roberts? and a Q&A with cybersecurity professionals including Carrie Goldberg, Carys Webb, Mark Rosen, Jonathan Askin and more!

Google Dorking has been involved in some notorious cybercrime cases, such as the Bowman Avenue Dam hack and the CIA breach where around 70% of its worldwide networks were compromised. Star Kashman, a legal scholar, has been one of the first to study the legality of this technique. Kashman argues that while Google Dorking is technically legal, it has often been used to carry out cybercrime and frequently leads to violations of the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act. Her research has highlighted the legal and ethical implications of this technique, emphasizing the need for greater attention and regulation to be applied to its use.

Legal scholar Star Kashman speculates that Abrahams used the technique of Google Dorking to find and target Cassidy Wolf's webcam online, leading to the act of sextortion.

Star Kashman, Brooklyn Law School
This article addresses the issue of Google Dorking (“Dorking”): an underestimated, overlooked computer-crime technique utilized by hackers, cyberstalkers, and cybercriminals alike. Google Dorking is the specialized use of the Google Search engine which can be used to uncover sensitive data unintentionally exposed to the public online.

But Star Kashman, who studies cybersecurity law, told Lifewire via email that AI is evolving so rapidly that the law and protections against intellectual theft have been unable to keep up. "The issue with works of art is that although it is a copy of one's unique style, it also creates a unique piece to an extent,” Kashman added.

“We are thrilled with the success of this groundbreaking event,” said Star Kashman. “It is essential that our community understands how Search Engine Hacking can be used to access sensitive and private data. We are confident that this event has educated many people on this lesser-known technique and will lead to further discussion and collaboration on how to address this issue.”

Star Kashman, a legal scholar, has been one of the first to study the legality of this technique. Kashman argues that while Google Dorking is technically legal, it has often been used to carry out cybercrime and frequently leads to violations of the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act. Her research has highlighted the legal and ethical implications of this technique, emphasizing the need for greater attention and regulation to be applied to its use.

As per Star Kashman, an expert in cybersecurity law, the CFAA presents some challenges in cases related to Search Engine Hacking (also known as Google Dorking). Although Kashman states that accessing publicly available information is legal under the CFAA, she also notes that in many cases Search Engine Hacking is ultimately prosecuted under the CFAA. Kashman believes prosecuting cases of Google Dorking under the CFAA could render the CFAA void for vagueness by making it illegal to access publicly available information.

The fusion of AI-generated personas into daily digital exchanges might blur the lines of reality, fostering a digital landscape that prioritizes algorithmic engagement over meaningful connections. Such developments echo Star Kashman’s warnings about the ethical chasm between real engagement and AI-generated interactions, further complicating the moral landscape social media platforms must navigate.

“It’s different from other forms of nonconsensual pornography distribution, because it’s not that person’s body actually being used in the video,” Star Kashman, privacy attorney and partner at cybercrime-focused Cyber Law Firm, told Built In. “The law has to catch up to that.”

That said, some progress is being made. The U.S. Senate unanimously passed a bill that would allow people portrayed in sexually explicit deepfakes to sue the creators.

One of the world’s biggest social media companies is focused on spurring growth as it enters a new year. But in this case, Meta Platforms (META) has a vision for its social network that isn't focused on its typical user base. The owner of Facebook, Instagram, and WhatsApp plans to implement a new business strategy that could radically transform the social media landscape.

As PYMNTS wrote earlier this year, experts say the issue spotlights the pressing need for clearer guidelines and protections in the AI field.

“AI presents unique copyright concerns for businesses, primarily because it can produce content that closely resembles or ‘copies’ human-generated content, such as articles, publications, images and music,” Star Kashman, a cybersecurity and privacy lawyer, said in an interview with PYMNTS.

Cyber Law Firm officially launched in June under the helm of Star Kashman, a 2023 graduate of Brooklyn Law School, although according to Tese the process to set up their new firm began in November 2023. Also part of the venture is former Withersworldwide senior associate Melissa Sherman.

"We wanted to address the growing demand for cyber and technology-related legal issues," Tese said in an interview. "That the was the main driving factor for why we wanted to start this firm."

Star Kashman, a legal maverick in the world of cybersecurity, shares her unconventional path into this cutting-edge field, highlights the pressing need for tech-savvy lawmakers, and explains the complex network of copyright issues in the age of artificial intelligence.

Founding Partner of Cyber Law Firm, Star Kashman also shared, “You can check past emails, texts, and notifications as well. If you get a two-factor authentication method you did not yourself set off that is suspicious. If you got a notification someone from a different IP address logged into your account and you have never used a VPN, that is also a tell tale sign your credentials may be compromised”.

“You can form your own path, and you should,” Star Kashman states, emphasizing the necessity for creativity in the evolving field of law within the digital age. Kashman was particularly intrigued by a method known as “Google dorking” or “search engine hacking,” a technique she came across that criminals use to extract sensitive information via Google applications.

Star Kashman, who has a notable background in technology law, contributing to major cases against prominent tech companies and fighting for clients' rights in instances of cyberharassment, cyberstalking, and other online abuses. Kashman's prowess in the field is complemented by a robust legal team that includes a former Intelligence Officer, together forming a dynamic duo that brings both legal acumen and technological insight to the forefront of cyber law.

While Congress has prohibited the unauthorized dissemination of sexually explicit photographs and videos of both adults and children, law enforcement agencies are struggling to prosecute the makers of unauthorized deepfake images because existing legislation on this issue doesn’t take into account the way this technology works.

“It’s different from other forms of nonconsensual pornography distribution, because it’s not that person’s body actually being used in the video,” Star Kashman, privacy attorney and partner at cybercrime-focused Cyber Law Firm, told Built In. “The law has to catch up to that.”

“Synthetic training data could clear a lot of these issues,” said Star Kashman, a tech litigation attorney. “It gets around the hurdle of unintentionally infringing upon other people’s work.”

“My passion for technology and desire to use my education to help others led me to research Cybersecurity Law, where I discovered the lack of knowledge surrounding a widely-used technique called Search Engine Hacking (A/k/a “Google Dorking”). Star Kashman got a scholarly paper published in the Washington Journal of Law Technology & Arts, which presents a “novel and new concept” to the legal field.

These are the entries the judges deemed worthy of being finalists for the Digital Technology Leaders Awards 2024. Unlike some events, the Digital Technology Leaders Awards do not honour products. Instead, these awards recognise the outstanding achievements of people, projects and companies in the digital field.
Each of the shortlisted candidates have shown exceptional commitment to excellence, and have emerged as leaders in their fields.

Young Digital Professional of the Year
Star Kashman - C.A. Goldberg PLLC

Cybersecurity and privacy law expert Star Kashman agrees that AI can potentially alter journalists’ work, from identifying sources to fact-checking and editing. “Journalists may find themselves plagiarized, or their copyright infringed upon, as they may be part of the ever-evolving data set that AI relies on,” said Kashman. In fact, multiple lawsuits are now pending against Microsoft and OpenAI alleging copyright infringement.

A review board established by President Joe Biden is blaming Microsoft’s company culture for a hack that compromised the emails of more than 500 people including the Secretary of Commerce.

Star Kashman, cybersecurity and privacy law expert and attorney, recognized by the Office of the Director of National Intelligence — the governing body that oversees the CIA and NSA — spoke to Techopedia about the issue. “Global data flow is significantly supported by undersea cable infrastructure, which, despite its importance, remains vulnerable to damage that may arise from natural disasters, shipping activity, and cyberattack.

Experts, however, are concerned about risky future prospects. "The advent of these low-earth satellites exposes the new era of surveillance potential that raises profound privacy concerns," Star Kashman, a cybersecurity and legal expert whose work has won recognition by the Office of the Director of National Intelligence, tells SlashGear.

“Thunderbolt support, while more expensive, offers faster data transfer rates and is beneficial for tasks requiring high-speed connections like video editing,” says cybersecurity expert and long-time USB-C hub user, Star Kashman. “Additionally, Thunderbolt support may be needed if a user is getting the hub in order to utilize multiple screens at once, or transfer data. USB4 hubs provide enhanced performance and compatibility.”

While Kashman said awareness is still the best way to avoid being scammed by AI deepfakes, she acknowledged that the threat requires government intervention.
“As for deep fakes, knowledge does not prevent individuals from creating these of you,” Kashman said. “However, knowledge can add more pressure to the government which is needed to pass legislature making the creation of illicit non-consensual deep fakes federally illegal.”

AI expert Star Kashman J.D. says it's one of AI's many limits, putting humans a step ahead of their mind-bending intelligence.

"AI can’t come to the same conclusion as a human unless someone else already has, and it’s in the AI’s information bank," she explains.

“AI presents distinctive copyright issues for companies, primarily as a result of it may well produce content material that intently resembles or ‘copies’ human-generated content material, similar to articles, publications, photos and music,” Star Kashman, a cybersecurity and privateness lawyer, stated in an interview with PYMNTS.

“Using AI-generated creations raises complicated questions on possession and copyright, as these creations typically use datasets that embrace copyrighted artistic endeavors and will infringe upon these copyrights.”

Kashman added that it’s essential that companies stay updated on the newest AI and copyright legal guidelines, whereas additionally creating particular guidelines for utilizing AI-generated content material.

Star Kashman is an attorney and award winning legal scholar, known for her pioneering contributions to the intersection of technology and law. As an attorney barred in Pennsylvania, Kashman has gained recognition for her groundbreaking work on Search Engine Hacking, also known as Google Dorking, marking her as a leading voice in the field of cybersecurity and privacy law.

Her expertise and dedication to advancing digital safety have earned her prestigious accolades, including an award from the Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI), which oversees critical national security entities like the CIA and NSA, and her recognition as an ICCAE scholar. This recognition underscores her contributions towards fostering a safer digital environment.

“AI presents unique copyright concerns for businesses, primarily because it can produce content that closely resembles or “copies” human-generated content, such as articles, publications, images and music,” Star Kashman, a cybersecurity and privacy lawyer, told PYMNTS in an interview.

“The use of AI-generated creations raises complex questions about ownership and copyright, as these creations often use datasets that include copyrighted works of art and may infringe upon these copyrights.”

Star Kashman, Counsel at C.A. Goldberg PLLC

“The use of AI models is an intricate and complicated process, where precision is key. To ensure successful use, it is essential to begin with extensive testing, validation, and ethical considerations before implementing the AI model. This preliminary phase should address potential biases in AI the data and responses, the transparency of the algorithms and privacy of the model, and the cybersecurity related protections in place to protect against adversarial attacks.

The strategy for deployment should include a strong framework, ensuring there are clear policies and mechanisms for platform accountability in place. This is vital for troubleshooting issues, and maintaining trust of stakeholders and the public who may be consumers and users of the AI model. It’s imperative to involve legal and privacy experts to navigate the complex regulatory environment.

Star Kashman will be speaking alongside victims’ rights attorney Carrie Goldberg, Founder/Director of BLIP Professor Jonathan Askin, cybersecurity law expert Professor Mark Rosen, and Owlsec Founders and Ethical Hackers Jimi Flynn and Kevin Roberts.

The latest Roslyn High School alumna to make a mark is Star Kashman, a Brooklyn College Law School student who has recently made a “significant discovery” in cybersecurity law. Kashman got a scholarly paper published in the Washington Journal of Law Technology

Abrahams was sentenced to 18 months in federal prison. Legal scholar Star Kashman speculates that Abrahams used the technique of Google Dorking to find and target Cassidy Wolf's webcam online, leading to the act of sextortion.

Star Kashman, a legal scholar, has been one of the first to study the legality of this technique.[13] Kashman argues that while Google Dorking is technically legal, it has often been used to carry out cybercrime and frequently leads to violations of the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act.[14] Her research has highlighted the legal and ethical implications of this technique, emphasizing the need for greater attention and regulation to be applied to its use.

Research and Resources: Kashman, Star, Google Dorking or Legal Hacking: From the CIA Compromise to Your Cameras at Home, We Are Not As Safe As We Think (2023), Washington Journal of Law, Technology & Arts, Vol. 18(2)

"AI will be incredibly transformative over the next decade. It already is. These tools are going to advance beyond belief, and it is up to us whether we deny or ignore it, or whether we embrace it and do what we can to ensure its evolution is as safe and useful as possible," Star Kashman, who studies cybersecurity law, told Lifewire via email. "[I]t is dangerous to solely place AI development in the hands of tech-giants with ulterior motives."

Star Kashman, a prominent American legal expert, is renowned for her studies in cybersecurity law, with a specific focus on Search Engine Hacking, commonly known as “Google Dorking”. Her significant contributions in this field earned her recognition and an accolade from the Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI), which oversees the NSA and CIA.

Star Kashman frequently engages in conversations surrounding contemporary technological dilemmas, including Artificial Intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT) devices, and online harassment. She has actively participated in educational initiatives such as the inaugural mandatory Cybersecurity CLE organized by the New York County Lawyers Association and the Women in Tech Summit 2023 hosted by the American Bar Association.

Star Kashman, a legal scholar and a cybersecurity expert, further explained to Inside Telecom, “A lack of transparency may significantly hinder the defendant’s ability to build an effective defense, challenge the accuracy, or even legality, of evidence presented against them. It undermines the public’s trust in the legal system.”

Star Kashman...The content was focused on the implications of Search Engine Hacking, commonly known as “Google Dorking,” and how it can be used for research, and also criminal activities like cyberterrorism, identity theft, and cyberstalking.